Food-sharing

Context: Foraging & Comfort Technique (1)

Mature musth male, Gogogo, has just felled a tree. Nearby elephants hear the sound and come rapidly toward the it. When Gogogo comes through the branches from the other side, young males scatter but the females and calves remain. He shares the spoils. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Food-sharing

Context: Foraging & Comfort Technique (2)

Mature musth male, Gogogo, has just felled a tree. The sound of the tree breaking and falling attracts the Mabenzi family and others including a number of young males. He shares his tree with perhaps 50 elephants. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Food-sharing

Context: Foraging & Comfort Technique (3)

A series of clips show the Mabenzi family and associating males reacting to gm0016 shake a tree. In the first scene gm0016 Shakes-Tree. In the second gm0049 stops feeding, gives an Ear-Flap-Slide and starts to move toward the tree. In the next section the whole family converges on gm0016 who magnanimously shares the seed pods he has felled. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Food-sharing

Context: Foraging & Comfort Technique (4)

A series of clips show the Mabenzi family and associating males reacting to gm0016 shake a tree. In the first scene gm0016 Shakes-Tree. In the second clip gm0049 stops feeding, gives an Ear-Flap-Slide and starts to move toward the tree. In the next section the whole family converges on gm0016 who magnanimously shares the seed pods he has felled. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Food-sharing

Context: Foraging & Comfort Technique (5)

Gogogo has felled a tree and elephants have gathered around it including the Mabenzi family and males. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Food-sharing

Context: Foraging & Comfort Technique (6)

Gogogo has felled a tree and elephants have gathered around it including the Mabenzi family and males. Gogogo appears in view toward the end. (Gorongosa, Mozambique)

Food-sharing

Context: Calf Nourishment & Weaning (1)

Nalakite is carrying and eating a branch. Her two sons aged 6 and 10 are walking beside her Soliciting-Food, the older male Social-Rubbing against her and reaching toward her mouth. She drops a bit of stick in an act of Food-Sharing. Neither male notices until later and they both reach into her mouth to Solicit-Food. She pulls away and Grumble-Rumbles at them in a complaining tone. She purposefully removes another bit of the stick and drops it on the ground, in another act of Food-Sharing. This time it is for the 10 year old, who Social-Rub against her, picks up the stick she has dropped and eats it.

Meanwhile, the 6 year male has realized that she had dropped a stick, but he can't reach it with her legs in the way (and it has already been taken by his brother). Nalakite continues to walk forward and he emits a Grumble-Rumble. The six year old still searches the ground blocking his mother's way and then, in his frustration, jabs her with his tusk - the Tusking causing her leg to buckle. She Redirects-Aggression swinging her trunk toward the 10 year old, who anticipating trouble emits a Grumble-Rumble.

Mum continues to walk and when the 6 year old is behind her she uses a back leg to Kick-Back. He Grumble-Rumbles and comes around behind her to the other side. (Maasai Mara, Kenya)

Food-sharing

Context: Calf Nourishment & Weaning (2)

Tailess male calf and his mother are walking along together. The mother is feeding on a branch and drops a bit from her mother. Her tailless calf pauses to pick it up and eats it. It is likely that this was not an intentional act of Food-Sharing, though it is not possible to know.. (Maasai Mara, Kenya)

Food-sharing

Context: Calf Nourishment & Weaning (3)

Matriarch f0116 is with her 3 year old calf. She is browsing and her calf is following what she is eating and searching in same area (Social-Learning). The calf reaches to her mouth to Solicit-Food. f0116 then extracts another trunkful and drops a piece for the calf - it would seem purposefully in an act of Food-Sharing. Then she touches the ground where it is x 2, as if showing calf where it is in a possible example of Pointing - Guiding her calf to the stick with her trunk. The calf picks it up and eats it and then uses same maneuver that her mother had used to browse (Social-Learning). (Maasai Mara, Kenya)

Food-sharing

Context: Affiliative (1)

A 9 year old female (foreground) reaches Trunk-to-Mouth to Solicit-Food from younger 7 year female (background) who is feeding on a branch. The younger female Orients-Away, but then appears to purposefully drop the pieces of the branch she was holding and that the older juvenile was soliciting in a possible act of Food-Sharing. She picks up one of the pieces and continues to Orient-Away, while the older female picks up the other piece she had dropped. (Maasai Mara, Kenya)